Jason Barker - Medical Cannabis Patient & Organizer with LECUA Patient’s Coalition Of New Mexico 
LECUAPatientsCoalitionNM@gmail.com
dukecitywellness.blogspot.com
New Mexico State Department of Health
Medical Cannabis Advisory Board
Medical Cannabis Program
PO Box 26110
Santa Fe, NM, 87502-6110
Medical Cannabis Program
PO Box 26110
Santa Fe, NM, 87502-6110
Petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Anxiety Disorder
Table of Contents
Pg. 1 Cover Page
Pg. 2 - 3 Petition Introduction
Pg. 3 - 14 Petition Purpose and Background
Pg. 15 Relief Requested In Petition
Pg. 16 References
Pg. 17-18 Appendix A
Printing Provided By:
Petition Introduction: Requesting The Inclusion Of A
New Medical Condition: Anxiety Disorder
New Mexico’s medical cannabis history started in 1978, after public hearings the legislature enacted H.B. 329, the nation’s first law recognizing the medical value of cannabis. The New Mexico’s medical cannabis program (MCP) is the only program in the U.S. that places sole responsibility for regulation on the state’s Department of Health. Doctors must comply with state requirements for patients to be considered for applying to the medical cannabis program.
In the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, (2007) the law states; The Secretary of Health shall establish an advisory board consisting of eight practitioners representing the fields of neurology, pain management, medical oncology, psychiatry, infectious disease, family medicine and gynecology. The practitioners shall be nationally board-certified in their area of specialty and knowledgeable about the medical use of cannabis. The members shall be chosen for appointment by the Secretary from a list proposed by the New Mexico Medical Society. A quorum of the advisory board shall consist of three members.
The advisory board shall:
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis;
B. accept and review petitions to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
C. convene at least twice per year to conduct public hearings and to evaluate petitions, which shall be maintained as confidential personal health information, to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
D. issue recommendations concerning rules to be promulgated for the issuance of the registry identification cards; and
E. recommend quantities of cannabis that are necessary to constitute an adequate supply for qualified patients and primary caregivers.
First, do no harm. As an important step in becoming a doctor, medical students must take the Hippocratic Oath. And one of the promises within that oath is “first, do no harm”.
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis;
B. accept and review petitions to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
C. convene at least twice per year to conduct public hearings and to evaluate petitions, which shall be maintained as confidential personal health information, to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
D. issue recommendations concerning rules to be promulgated for the issuance of the registry identification cards; and
E. recommend quantities of cannabis that are necessary to constitute an adequate supply for qualified patients and primary caregivers.
First, do no harm. As an important step in becoming a doctor, medical students must take the Hippocratic Oath. And one of the promises within that oath is “first, do no harm”.
We have a sound law in the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, as Section 2 reads; PURPOSE OF ACT.--The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments.
“ARTICLE 2B. LYNN AND ERIN COMPASSIONATE USE ACT
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 26-2B-2 (2009)
§ 26-2B-2. Purpose of act
The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act [26-2B-1 NMSA 1978] is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments.
HISTORY: Laws 2007, ch. 210, § 2.
EFFECTIVE DATES. --Laws 2007, ch. 210, § 12 makes the act effective July 1, 2007.”
Mosby’s Medical Dictionary states that “medical treatment” means; the management and care of a patient to combat disease or disorder. Medical treatment includes: Using prescription medications, or use of a non-prescription drug at prescription strength; and or treatment of disease by hygienic and pharmacologic remedies, as distinguished from invasive surgical procedures. Treatment may be pharmacologic, using drugs; surgical, involving operative procedures; or supportive, building the patient's strength. It may be specific for the disorder, or symptomatic to relieve symptoms without effecting a cure.(Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 9th edition.)
What is a chronic medical condition?
A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear. Harvard Medical Dictionary defines chronic as: Any condition that lasts a long time or recurs over time; chronic pain as: Pain that persists after an injury has healed or a disease is over; and chronic pain syndrome as : Long-term, severe pain that doesn't spring from an injury or illness, that interferes with daily life, and is often accompanied by other problems, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety.
A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear. Harvard Medical Dictionary defines chronic as: Any condition that lasts a long time or recurs over time; chronic pain as: Pain that persists after an injury has healed or a disease is over; and chronic pain syndrome as : Long-term, severe pain that doesn't spring from an injury or illness, that interferes with daily life, and is often accompanied by other problems, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety.
What is the meaning of debilitating?
Something that's debilitating seriously affects someone or something's strength or ability to carry on with regular activities, like a debilitating illness. Debilitating comes from the Latin word debilis, meaning "weak." That's why you'll often see the adjective used to describe illness, despite the negative reference.
Something that's debilitating seriously affects someone or something's strength or ability to carry on with regular activities, like a debilitating illness. Debilitating comes from the Latin word debilis, meaning "weak." That's why you'll often see the adjective used to describe illness, despite the negative reference.
Petition Purpose and Background
The purpose of this Petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Anxiety Disorder.
This petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Anxiety Disorder, is being provided to the state Department of Health Medical Cannabis Program so the advisory board can review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis with the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act.
Who Should Qualify for Medical Cannabis Use?
According to Americans For Safe Access Policy Studies & Research:
Background: The most fundamental aspect of medical cannabis laws is the relationship between a patient and their physician. It is often only the physician and the patient that possess information about a patient’s health condition. However, many public officials and others who oppose medical cannabis laws often make assumptions about people’s health. The media have even fomented such inappropriate assumptions by naming a category of patients “Young Able Bodied Males,” condemning certain patients by visual assessment alone.
Findings: The health care information discussed between a patient and physician is considered private and protected under federal HIPAA laws. It is typically the purview of state medical boards to assess whether a physician has inappropriately recommended cannabis to someone who should not be qualified. Studies have shown in some medical cannabis states that the majority of patients suffer from chronic pain, an ailment that is not obviously detectable by another person. Nevertheless, police will often harass and arrest patients based on the assumption that someone is faking their illness.
Position: Medical professionals should have an unrestricted ability to recommend cannabis therapeutics and that should not be impacted by law enforcement’s perceptions.
According to Americans For Safe Access Policy Studies & Research:
Background: The most fundamental aspect of medical cannabis laws is the relationship between a patient and their physician. It is often only the physician and the patient that possess information about a patient’s health condition. However, many public officials and others who oppose medical cannabis laws often make assumptions about people’s health. The media have even fomented such inappropriate assumptions by naming a category of patients “Young Able Bodied Males,” condemning certain patients by visual assessment alone.
Findings: The health care information discussed between a patient and physician is considered private and protected under federal HIPAA laws. It is typically the purview of state medical boards to assess whether a physician has inappropriately recommended cannabis to someone who should not be qualified. Studies have shown in some medical cannabis states that the majority of patients suffer from chronic pain, an ailment that is not obviously detectable by another person. Nevertheless, police will often harass and arrest patients based on the assumption that someone is faking their illness.
Position: Medical professionals should have an unrestricted ability to recommend cannabis therapeutics and that should not be impacted by law enforcement’s perceptions.
“Qualifying medical condition” shall mean any condition for which treatment with medical cannabis would be beneficial, as determined by a patient's qualified medical professional, including but not limited to cancer, glaucoma, positive status for human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), hepatitis C, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Crohn’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, arthritis, chronic pain, neuropathic and other intractable chronic pain, and multiple sclerosis.
“Qualifying patient” shall mean a person who has a written recommendation from a qualified medical professional for the medical use of cannabis.
Anxiety Disorder
While all human beings experience anxiety throughout their lives, Anxiety Disorders are a set of mental illnesses characterized by chronic and overwhelming emotions of fear, anxiousness, restlessness, and crippling worrying. Examples of Anxiety Disorders include: Panic Disorder (which may cause complications of the heart); Social Anxiety Disorder; Selective Mutism (an inability to speak during specific but otherwise normal situations); various Phobias; Agoraphobia; Anxiety associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); Substance Induced Anxiety (alcohol abuse; drug abuse; opiate abuse; and even medication induced); and Generalized Anxiety Disorders which run the gamut of social hangups; disproportionate thinking; unhealthy obsessions; and so on.
These ailments are very debilitating and they are a major obstacle that sufferers face preventing them from leading a normal life. Resulting symptoms of these disorders include: problems with sleeping (insomnia); excessive sweating; irrational panicking; physical numbness; dizziness and nausea; heart palpitations; an inability to stay still and stay calm; painful muscle tensions and cramps; shortness of breath; and an inability to act or perform simple tasks.
Anxiety is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times. Many people feel anxious, or nervous, when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision. Anxiety disorders, however, are different. They can cause such distress that it interferes with a person’s ability to lead a normal life. An anxiety disorder is a serious mental illness. For people with anxiety disorders, worry and fear are constant and overwhelming, and can be crippling.
Anxiety is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times. Many people feel anxious, or nervous, when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision. Anxiety disorders, however, are different. They can cause such distress that it interferes with a person’s ability to lead a normal life. An anxiety disorder is a serious mental illness. For people with anxiety disorders, worry and fear are constant and overwhelming, and can be crippling.
Anxiety Disorders may either be developed through significant stressful incidents or situations in a sufferer’s life, or they may be hereditary. Thankfully, there are numerous therapies and medications that may help an individual treat and possibly rid themselves of their disorder.
Using Cannabis to Treat Anxiety Disorders
Cannabis is a complex medicinal plant that may actually be used to treat a variety of debilitating symptoms caused by a surprisingly large number of ailments. It’s usefulness as a non-lethal medicine (you cannot die from an overdose of cannabis) cannot be overstated and it’s versatility in terms of how it can be consumed and as to how it can be useful for so many illnesses is something to be excited about. However, it is important to remember that consulting with your primary care physician should be your first priority when considering incorporating cannabis into one’s medical regiment and that cannabis is to be used as an adjunct therapy and not a replacement. It is also your responsibility to communicate with your doctor as to how your use of cannabis has affected your health and of your progress with utilizing medical cannabis.
Currently, much of the ongoing research regarding cannabis’ ability to help with reducing anxiety has been focused on the powerful anxiolytic (anti-anxiety and anti-panic) properties of Cannabidiol (CBD). Overall, exciting studies have shown that cannabis may be quite useful for treating individuals suffering from Anxiety Disorders for the following reasons: significantly reducing anxiety itself; helping to manage possible depression associated with the anxiety disorder; helping to reduce nausea during a panic attack; assisting with sleep should the anxiety disorder cause insomnia; and with preventing possible psychosis.
Study: Cannabinoid Therapies May Help Treat Stress-Induced Anxiety Disorders
Cannabis is considered by many people to be a natural source of stress relief. In fact, an Israeli study published last year validates this claim, suggesting that “cannabinoid system activation could represent a novel approach to the treatment of cognitive deficits that accompany a variety of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.”
Hoping to expand on these findings, a team of researchers from Vanderbilt University in Tennessee published a study in a issue of Translational Psychiatry. Their results suggest that increasing one’s levels of endocannabinoids, particularly anandamide, could be a viable treatment for stress-induced anxiety.
What Is Anandamide?
Anandamide is an endocannabinoid, which means our body produces it naturally. It operates in a similar manner to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and effects the CB1 receptors as well as the CB2 receptors.
Past research has shown that anandamide can fight against human breast cancer and aggressive skin cancer, among other benefits. It is also likely that anandamide plays a role in many of the benefits offered by cannabidiol (CBD), considering the fact that CBD inhibits the production of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme that degrades anandamide.
A few months ago, we published a piece about the apparent relationship between CBD and social anxiety. However, the study offered little evidence as to the mechanisms underlying the cannabinoid’s benefits.
That being said, it’s entirely possible that anandamide was responsible for the significant improvement in anxiety experienced by patients in the previous study. The research performed at Vanderbilt University seems to increase the likelihood of this hypothesis.
Increased Anandamide May Help Treat Stress-Induced Anxiety
In order to test the relationship between anandamide and stress-induced anxiety, the Vanderbilt research team conducted a series of tests using mice as subjects. First, they shocked the mice’s feet six times for two seconds each to induce stress – there was a one-minute interval between each shock.
24 hours later, the mice were subjected to a number of behavioral assays to determine whether this foot-shock would result in an anxious response. The results of two different tests suggested that the mice were in fact dealing with anxiety, according to the research team.
“The endocannabinoid was able to reverse the stress-induced state of anxiety in mice.”
In an attempt to counter the effects of this anxiety, the researchers administered an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) to prevent the enzyme from degrading anandamide. Their results suggest that the endocannabinoid was able to reverse the stress-induced state of anxiety in mice.
How Can Medical Cannabis Help Treat Stress And Anxiety?
Perhaps more interesting, the Vanderbilt research team reported that anandamide levels throughout the brain were reduced 24 hours after shocking the mice’s feet. This was negatively-correlated with their experience of anxiety (more anandamide = less anxiety), which lead researchers to the conclusion that “central anandamide levels predict acute stress-induced anxiety.”
The Vanderbilt research team explains that their findings “strongly support the utility of anandamide augmentation as a therapeutic approach for stress-related affective and anxiety disorders.”
Considering that cannabidiol (CBD) can inhibit the degradation of anandamide and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can mimic its effects, one can reasonably infer that cannabis-based therapies may help counter stress-induced anxiety. Of course, more research will be necessary to verify the effectiveness of such treatments.
Study: Cannabidiol (CBD) May Help Treat Social Anxiety Disorder
The relationship between cannabis and anxiety is an interesting one. Large concentrations of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is often tied to bouts of paranoia and anxiety, however it is well-documented that cannabidiol (CBD) found in cannabis can counteract this effect.
With that said, a group of Brazilian researchers published an article in the 2011 Journal of Psychopharmacology that further investigates the relationship between cannabidiol (CBD) and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Their results suggest that CBD could offer a way for people suffering from SAD to help manage their symptoms.
What Is Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)?
Affecting 12% of Americans in their lifetime, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is the most common form of anxiety and one of the most psychiatric disorders in general. It is also referred to as social phobia.
By definition, Social Anxiety Disorder is characterized by intense fear in one or more social situations. In turn, this fear can cause distress to the point that it impairs daily functioning.
Interestingly enough, people who suffer from SAD experience anxiety that can be triggered by “perceived or actual scrutiny” from others. For some this only happens in specific situations, but others may have to deal with this anxiety constantly.
Brazilian Researchers Investigate CBD, Anxiety In Humans
In order to test the relationship between cannabidiol (CBD) and anxiety, the Brazilian research team recruited 10 people with a diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). They then used functional neuroimaging to gauge the amount of bloodflow in various parts of the brain, noting the effects of CBD.
In the first session, half received an oral dose of 400 mg of cannabidiol (CBD) and the other half were treated with placebos. These roles were reversed in the second session so that all 10 particpants were treated with CBD at some point.
“These results suggest that CBD reduces anxiety in SAD and that this is related to its effects on activity in limbic and paralimbic brain areas.” – Dr. J.A. Crippa
According to the results of the study, cannabidiol (CBD) was associated with a significant decrease in subjective anxiety. Cerebral bloodflow after CBD treatment also seems to point to an anxiolitic (anti-anxiety) effect in the areas of the brain that control emotions.
Expanding on what this could all mean is Dr. J. A. Crippa, who led the Brazilian research team. “These results suggest that CBD reduces anxiety in SAD and that this is related to its effects on activity in limbic and paralimbic brain areas,” Crippa explains.
Prescription Pills:
Each year, about 4.5 million Americans visit their doctor’s office or the emergency room because of adverse prescription drug side effects. A startling 2 million other patients who are already hospitalized suffer the ill effects of prescription medications annually, and this when they should be under the watchful eye of medical professionals. The most common non-severe or mild side effects from taking drugs include (there are many more, these are the most common): Constipation, Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Headache, and Insomnia.
What are the short and long term effects of prescription drugs? Short-term effects: Alertness, focus, sleeplessness, loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate, high body temperature.
Long-term effects: Addiction, paranoia and long-term insomnia, extreme weight change.
Long-term effects: Addiction, paranoia and long-term insomnia, extreme weight change.
What are the effects of prescription drugs? Physical symptoms: Increased or decreased need for sleep, Appearing unusually energetic, or overly fatigued, Increased or decreased appetite.
These drugs come with side effects that range from birth defects and liver damage to suicidal behavior, blood clots, bladder cancer, Crohn’s disease, heart attacks, strokes, uncontrollable bleeding, heart failure and death: Chronic Pain Treatment drug Fentanyl (opioid). Type 2 diabetes drugs Avandia and Actos. Antidepressants Paxil, Prozac, Effexor, Zoloft and Lexapro. Mood stabilizer Depakote. Birth control pills Yaz and Yasmin. Acne medication Accutane. Blood thinners Pradaxa and Xarelto Osteoporosis treatment Fosamax. GranuFlo and NaturaLyte, which are used in dialysis.
Hair loss pill Propecia. Stop smoking cigarettes drug Chantix.
Hair loss pill Propecia. Stop smoking cigarettes drug Chantix.
In article in American-Statesman staff writer Jeremy Schwartz in 2012 noted that in 2011, “the Pentagon spent more on pills, injections and vaccines than it did on Black Hawk helicopters, Abrams tanks, Hercules C-130 cargo planes and Patriot missiles — combined.” The military spent at least $2.7 billion on antidepressants and more than $1.6 billion on opioid painkillers such as Oxycontin and hydrocodone over the past decade. More than $507 million was spent on the sleeping pill Ambien and its generic equivalents.” the pharmaceutical industry spent about $1.7 million for more than 1,400 trips for Defense Department doctors and pharmacists to places such as Paris, Las Vegas and New Orleans between 1998 and 2007. All those Pills killed a lot of Veterans, Cannabis has a 5000 year history with zero deaths associated with it.
“Its margin of safety is immense and underscores the lack of any meaningful danger in using not only daily doses in the 3.5 – 9 gram range, but also considerably higher doses.”— David Bearman, M.D.
Physician, researcher, court-qualified cannabis expert
Physician, researcher, court-qualified cannabis expert
Beneficial Cannabinoids and Terpenoids Useful for Treating Anxiety Disorders
The cannabis plant offers a plethora of therapeutic benefits and contains cannabinoids and terpenoid compounds that are useful for treating some of the symptoms caused by an Anxiety Disorder. While much of the interest in treating an Anxiety Disorder with cannabis involves CBD, the following chart denotes which cannabinoids and terpenoids also work synergistically with each other for possible therapeutic benefit.
Fear and anxiety are part of life. You may feel anxious before you take a test or walk down a dark street. This kind of anxiety is useful – it can make you more alert or careful. It usually ends soon after you are out of the situation that caused it. But for millions of people in the United States, the anxiety does not go away, and gets worse over time. Learn more about anxiety and Medical Cannabis; Information on Medical Cannabis treatments for Anxiety.
There is a wealth of new scientific understanding regarding how medical cannabis can be beneficial for treating Pain.
One person may suffer from strong anxiety attacks that strike without warning, while another gets panicky at the thought of speaking at an event. Someone else may struggle with a disabling fear of driving, or uncontrollable, intrusive thoughts. Yet another may live in a constant state of tension, worrying about anything and everything.
Types of Anxiety:
Anxiety and Medical Cannabis: Medical Cannabis Related Clinical Information
Anxiety Research Showing How Medical Cannabis Is Beneficial
- The anxiolytic-like effects of cannabidiol injected into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are mediated by 5-HT1A receptors [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20945065]
- Plant-based medicines for anxiety disorders, part 2 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23653088]
The Endocannabinoid System and Anxiety.
[Vitam Horm. 2017;103:193-279. doi: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.09.006. Epub 2016 Nov 2.]
Author information
Abstract
The medical properties of Cannabis sativa is known for centuries. Since the discovery and characterization of the endogenous cannabinoid system, several studies have evaluated how cannabinoid compounds and, particularly, how the modulation of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system influences a wide range of functions, from metabolic to mental disorders. Cannabinoids and eCB system often exert opposite effects on several functions, such as anxiety. Although the mechanisms are not completely understood, evidence points to different factors influencing those effects. In this chapter, the recent advances in research about the relationship between eCB system and anxiety disorders in humans, as well as in animal models, will be discussed. The recent data addressing modulation of the eCBs in specific brain areas, such as the medial prefrontal cortex, amygdaloid complex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, hippocampus, and dorsal periaqueductal gray, will be summarized. Finally, data from animal models addressing the mechanisms through which the eCB system modulates anxiety-related behavior dependent on stressful situations, such as the involvement of different receptors, distinct eCBs, modulation of neurotransmitters release, HPA axis and immune system activation, and plastic mechanisms, will also be discussed.
Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an anxiolytic drug.
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22729452]
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
To review and describe studies of the non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa, cannabidiol (CBD), as an anxiolytic drug and discuss its possible mechanisms of action.
METHOD:
The articles selected for the review were identified through searches in English, Portuguese, and Spanish in the electronic databases ISI Web of Knowledge, SciELO, PubMed, and PsycINFO, combining the search terms "cannabidiol and anxiolytic", "cannabidiol and anxiolytic-like", and "cannabidiol and anxiety". The reference lists of the publications included, review articles, and book chapters were hand searched for additional references. Experimental animal and human studies were included, with no time restraints.
RESULTS:
Studies using animal models of anxiety and involving healthy volunteers clearly suggest an anxiolytic-like effect of CBD. Moreover, CBD was shown to reduce anxiety in patients with social anxiety disorder.
CONCLUSION:
Future clinical trials involving patients with different anxiety disorders are warranted, especially of panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorders. The adequate therapeutic window of CBD and the precise mechanisms involved in its anxiolytic action remain to be determined.
Evidences for the Anti-panic Actions of Cannabidiol.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Panic disorder (PD) is a disabling psychiatry condition that affects approximately 5% of the worldwide population. Currently, long-term selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for PD; however, the common side-effect profiles and drug interactions may provoke patients to abandon the treatment, leading to PD symptoms relapse. Cannabidiol (CBD) is the major non-psychotomimetic constituent of the Cannabis sativa plant with antianxiety properties that has been suggested as an alternative for treating anxiety disorders. The aim of the present review was to discuss the effects and mechanisms involved in the putative anti-panic effects of CBD.
METHODS:
electronic database was used as source of the studies selected selected based on the studies found by crossing the following keywords: cannabidiol and panic disorder; canabidiol and anxiety, cannabidiol and 5-HT1A receptor).
RESULTS:
In the present review, we included both experimental laboratory animal and human studies that have investigated the putative anti-panic properties of CBD. Taken together, the studies assessed clearly suggest an anxiolytic-like effect of CBD in both animal models and healthy volunteers.
CONCLUSIONS:
CBD seems to be a promising drug for the treatment of PD. However, novel clinical trials involving patients with the PD diagnosis are clearly needed to clarify the specific mechanism of action of CBD and the safe and ideal therapeutic doses of this compound.
Cannabidiol reduces the anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in treatment-naïve social phobia patients.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011 May;36(6):1219-26. doi: 10.1038/npp.2011.6. Epub 2011 Feb 9.
Bergamaschi MM1, Queiroz RH, Chagas MH, de Oliveira DC, De Martinis BS, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J, Roesler R, Schröder N, Nardi AE, Martín-Santos R, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA.
Author information
Abstract
Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is one of the most common anxiety conditions with impairment in social life. Cannabidiol (CBD), one major non-psychotomimetic compound of the cannabis sativa plant, has shown anxiolytic effects both in humans and in animals. This preliminary study aimed to compare the effects of a simulation public speaking test (SPST) on healthy control (HC) patients and treatment-naïve SAD patients who received a single dose of CBD or placebo. A total of 24 never-treated patients with SAD were allocated to receive either CBD (600 mg; n=12) or placebo (placebo; n=12) in a double-blind randomized design 1 h and a half before the test. The same number of HC (n=12) performed the SPST without receiving any medication. Each volunteer participated in only one experimental session in a double-blind procedure. Subjective ratings on the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) and Negative Self-Statement scale (SSPS-N) and physiological measures (blood pressure, heart rate, and skin conductance) were measured at six different time points during the SPST. The results were submitted to a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Pretreatment with CBD significantly reduced anxiety, cognitive impairment and discomfort in their speech performance, and significantly decreased alert in their anticipatory speech. The placebo group presented higher anxiety, cognitive impairment, discomfort, and alert levels when compared with the control group as assessed with the VAMS. The SSPS-N scores evidenced significant increases during the testing of placebo group that was almost abolished in the CBD group. No significant differences were observed between CBD and HC in SSPS-N scores or in the cognitive impairment, discomfort, and alert factors of VAMS. The increase in anxiety induced by the SPST on subjects with SAD was reduced with the use of CBD, resulting in a similar response as the HC.
Rules, Regulations, & Policy Solution For Anxiety Disorder
The approval of this petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Anxiety Disorder, that is being provided to the state Department of Health Medical Cannabis Program so the advisory board can review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis with the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act. The approval of this petition would bring the Department of Health in compliance with the intent of the law and uphold the spirit of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, 2007. Fulfilling both;“ Section 2. PURPOSE OF ACT.--The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments” And Section 6. ADVISORY BOARD CREATED--DUTIES: The advisory board shall:
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis.” New Mexico’s medical cannabis history started in 1978. After public hearings the legislature enacted H.B. 329, the nation’s first law recognizing the medical value of cannabis...the first law.
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis.” New Mexico’s medical cannabis history started in 1978. After public hearings the legislature enacted H.B. 329, the nation’s first law recognizing the medical value of cannabis...the first law.
References
Understanding Medical Cannabis.Elemental Wellness Center, 2014 Jul.
Cannabidiol, a cannabis sativa constituent, as an anxiolytic drug.Schier, Alexandre de Mello, et al.
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 2012 Jun, 34(1).
Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report.Crippa, Jose Alexandre S., et al.
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2010 Sep 9, 25(1): 121-130.
Chapter 5 the endocannabinoid system as a target for novel anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs.Gaetani, Silvana, et al.
International Review of Neurobiology, 2009, 85: 57-72.
Modulation of fear and anxiety by the endogenous cannabinoid system.Chhatwal, James P., et al.
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Effects of cannabinoids on the anxiety-like response in mice.Rutkowska, Maria, et al.
Pharmacological Reports, 2006, 58: 200-206.
Cannabidiol, a cannabis sativa constituent, as an antipsychotic drug.Zuardi, A.W., et al.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2006 Apr, 39(4): 421-429.
Pharmacological evaluation of cannabinoid receptor ligands in a mouse model of anxiety: further evidence for an anxiolytic role for endogenous cannabinoid signaling.Patel, Sachin, et al.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2006 Mar 28, 318(1): 304-311.
Anxiolytic-like effect of cannabidiol in the rat vogel conflict test.Moreira, Fabricio A., et al.
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 2006 Dec 30, 30(8): 1466-1471.
Cannabinoids promote embryonic and adult hippocampus neurogenesis and produce anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects.Jiang, Wen, et al.
The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2005 Nov 1, 115(11): 3104-3116.
A role for cannabinoid CB1 receptors in mood and anxiety disorders.Witkin, J.M., et al.
Behavioral Pharmacology, 2005 Sep, 16(5-6): 315-331.
Endocannabinoid system and stress and anxiety responses.Viveros, M.P., et al.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2005 Jun, 81(2): 331-342.
Cannabis and cannabis extracts: greater than the sum of their parts.McPartland, John M., et al.
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, 2001, 1(3-4): 103-32.
Action of cannabidiol on the anxiety and other effects produced by Δ9-THC in normal subjects.Zuardi, A.W., et al.
Psychopharmacology, 1982 Mar, 76(3): 245-250.
The efficacy and safety of nabilone (a synthetic cannabinoid) in the treatment of anxiety.Fabre, Louis F., et al.
The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1981 Aug, 21(S1): 377-382.
Appendix A: An Americans for Safe Access (ASA) national report was released on December 8th, 2016 and calls for an end to contradictions between federal and state guidelines with regard to medical cannabis policies. The Americans for Safe Access briefing book, “Medical Cannabis in America”, showing that not only do opiate related deaths drop an average of 24.8% in states with medical cannabis laws, the report also notes that the Department of Justice has spent an estimated $592 million to date in arrests, investigations, enforcement raids, pretrial services, incarceration, and probation.
Plant Count For Producers Based On Patient Population Growth For Adequate Supply Proposed: Legislators could easily solve this by looking to Americans For Safe Access for this policy.
About Americans for Safe Access.
The mission of Americans for Safe Access (ASA) is to ensure safe and legal access to cannabis for therapeutic use and research. ASA was founded in 2002, by medical cannabis patient Steph Sherer, as a vehicle for patients to advocate for the acceptance of cannabis as medicine. With over 100,000 active members in all 50 states, ASA is the largest national member-based organization of patients, medical professionals, scientists and concerned citizens promoting safe and legal access to cannabis for therapeutic use and research. ASA works to overcome political, social and legal barriers by creating policies that improve access to medical cannabis for patients and researchers through legislation, education, litigation, research, grassroots empowerment, advocacy and services for patients, government's, medical professionals, and medical cannabis providers.
The mission of Americans for Safe Access (ASA) is to ensure safe and legal access to cannabis for therapeutic use and research. ASA was founded in 2002, by medical cannabis patient Steph Sherer, as a vehicle for patients to advocate for the acceptance of cannabis as medicine. With over 100,000 active members in all 50 states, ASA is the largest national member-based organization of patients, medical professionals, scientists and concerned citizens promoting safe and legal access to cannabis for therapeutic use and research. ASA works to overcome political, social and legal barriers by creating policies that improve access to medical cannabis for patients and researchers through legislation, education, litigation, research, grassroots empowerment, advocacy and services for patients, government's, medical professionals, and medical cannabis providers.
WHEREAS cannabis (marijuana) has been used as a medicine for at least 5,000 years and can be effective for serious medical conditions for which conventional medications fail to provide relief;
WHEREAS modern medical research has shown that cannabis can slow the progression of such serious diseases as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and stop HIV and cancer cells from spreading; has both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties; can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy, PTSD and multiple sclerosis; is useful in the treatment of depression, anxiety and other mental disorders; and can help reverse neurological damage from brain injuries and stroke;
WHEREAS the World Health Organization has acknowledged the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids, the primary active compounds found in cannabis, including as an anti-depressant, appetite stimulant, anticonvulsant and anti-spasmodic, and identified cannabinoids as beneficial in the treatment of asthma, glaucoma, and nausea and vomiting related to illnesses such as cancer and AIDS;
WHEREAS the American Medical Association has called for the review of the classification of cannabis as a Schedule I controlled substance to allow for clinical research and the development of cannabinoid-based medicines;
WHEREAS the National Cancer Institute has concluded that cannabis has antiemetic effects and is beneficial for appetite stimulation, pain relief, and improved sleep among cancer patients;
WHEREAS the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and the American Herbal Products Association have developed qualitative standards for the use of cannabis as a botanical medicine;
WHEREAS the U.S. Supreme Court has long noted that states may operate as “laboratories of democracy” in the development of innovative public policies;
WHEREAS twenty-eight states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws that allow for the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS seventeen additional states have enacted laws authorizing the medical use of therapeutic compounds extracted from the cannabis plant;
WHEREAS more than 17 years of state-level experimentation provides a guide for state and federal law and policy related to the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS accredited educational curricula concerning the medical use of cannabis have been established that meets Continuing Medical Education requirements for practicing physicians;
WHEREAS Congress has prohibited the federal Department of Justice from using funds to interfere with and prosecute those acting in compliance with their state medical cannabis laws, and the Department of Justice has issued guidance to U.S. Attorneys indicating that enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act is not a priority when individual patients and their care providers are in compliance with state law, and that federal prosecutors should defer to state and local enforcement so long as a viable state regulatory scheme is in place.
WHEREAS modern medical research has shown that cannabis can slow the progression of such serious diseases as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and stop HIV and cancer cells from spreading; has both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties; can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy, PTSD and multiple sclerosis; is useful in the treatment of depression, anxiety and other mental disorders; and can help reverse neurological damage from brain injuries and stroke;
WHEREAS the World Health Organization has acknowledged the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids, the primary active compounds found in cannabis, including as an anti-depressant, appetite stimulant, anticonvulsant and anti-spasmodic, and identified cannabinoids as beneficial in the treatment of asthma, glaucoma, and nausea and vomiting related to illnesses such as cancer and AIDS;
WHEREAS the American Medical Association has called for the review of the classification of cannabis as a Schedule I controlled substance to allow for clinical research and the development of cannabinoid-based medicines;
WHEREAS the National Cancer Institute has concluded that cannabis has antiemetic effects and is beneficial for appetite stimulation, pain relief, and improved sleep among cancer patients;
WHEREAS the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and the American Herbal Products Association have developed qualitative standards for the use of cannabis as a botanical medicine;
WHEREAS the U.S. Supreme Court has long noted that states may operate as “laboratories of democracy” in the development of innovative public policies;
WHEREAS twenty-eight states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws that allow for the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS seventeen additional states have enacted laws authorizing the medical use of therapeutic compounds extracted from the cannabis plant;
WHEREAS more than 17 years of state-level experimentation provides a guide for state and federal law and policy related to the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS accredited educational curricula concerning the medical use of cannabis have been established that meets Continuing Medical Education requirements for practicing physicians;
WHEREAS Congress has prohibited the federal Department of Justice from using funds to interfere with and prosecute those acting in compliance with their state medical cannabis laws, and the Department of Justice has issued guidance to U.S. Attorneys indicating that enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act is not a priority when individual patients and their care providers are in compliance with state law, and that federal prosecutors should defer to state and local enforcement so long as a viable state regulatory scheme is in place.
Lynn & Erin Compassionate Use Act Patient’s Coalition of New Mexico ~ A GrassRoots Movement!
UNITE-NETWORK-GROW-INFORM-KNOW-EDUCATE-ACTIVISM-VOTE-HEALTH-WELLNESS
(All Rights Reserved 04/20/2016)
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