Saturday, September 16th 2017
New Mexico State Department of Health
Medical Cannabis Advisory Board
Medical Cannabis Program
PO Box 26110
Santa Fe, NM, 87502-6110
Medical Cannabis Program
PO Box 26110
Santa Fe, NM, 87502-6110
Petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea
Table of Contents
Pg. 1 Cover Page
Pg. 2 Petition Introduction
Pg. 3 Petition Purpose and Background
Pg. 13 Relief Requested In Petition
Pg. 13 References
Pg. 14-15 Appendix A
Petition Introduction:Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea
New Mexico’s medical cannabis history started in 1978, after public hearings the legislature enacted H.B. 329, the nation’s first law recognizing the medical value of cannabis. The New Mexico’s medical cannabis program (MCP) is the only program in the U.S. that places sole responsibility for regulation on the state’s Department of Health. Doctors must comply with state requirements for patients to be considered for applying to the medical cannabis program.
In the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, (2007) the law states; The Secretary of Health shall establish an advisory board consisting of eight practitioners representing the fields of neurology, pain management, medical oncology, psychiatry, infectious disease, family medicine and gynecology. The practitioners shall be nationally board-certified in their area of specialty and knowledgeable about the medical use of cannabis. The members shall be chosen for appointment by the Secretary from a list proposed by the New Mexico Medical Society. A quorum of the advisory board shall consist of three members. The advisory board shall:
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis;
B. accept and review petitions to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
C. convene at least twice per year to conduct public hearings and to evaluate petitions, which shall be maintained as confidential personal health information, to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
D. issue recommendations concerning rules to be promulgated for the issuance of the registry identification cards; and
E. recommend quantities of cannabis that are necessary to constitute an adequate supply for qualified patients and primary caregivers.
First, do no harm. As an important step in becoming a doctor, medical students must take the Hippocratic Oath. And one of the promises within that oath is “first, do no harm”.
A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis;
B. accept and review petitions to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
C. convene at least twice per year to conduct public hearings and to evaluate petitions, which shall be maintained as confidential personal health information, to add medical conditions, medical treatments or diseases to the list of debilitating medical conditions that qualify for the medical use of cannabis;
D. issue recommendations concerning rules to be promulgated for the issuance of the registry identification cards; and
E. recommend quantities of cannabis that are necessary to constitute an adequate supply for qualified patients and primary caregivers.
First, do no harm. As an important step in becoming a doctor, medical students must take the Hippocratic Oath. And one of the promises within that oath is “first, do no harm”.
We have a sound law in the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, as Section 2 reads; PURPOSE OF ACT.--The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments.
“ARTICLE 2B. LYNN AND ERIN COMPASSIONATE USE ACT
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 26-2B-2 (2009)
§ 26-2B-2. Purpose of act
The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act [26-2B-1 NMSA 1978] is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments.
HISTORY: Laws 2007, ch. 210, § 2.
EFFECTIVE DATES. --Laws 2007, ch. 210, § 12 makes the act effective July 1, 2007.”
Mosby’s Medical Dictionary states that “medical treatment” means; the management and care of a patient to combat disease or disorder. Medical treatment includes: Using prescription medications, or use of a non-prescription drug at prescription strength; and or treatment of disease by hygienic and pharmacologic remedies, as distinguished from invasive surgical procedures. Treatment may be pharmacologic, using drugs; surgical, involving operative procedures; or supportive, building the patient's strength. It may be specific for the disorder, or symptomatic to relieve symptoms without effecting a cure.(Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 9th edition.)
What is a chronic medical condition?
A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear. Harvard Medical Dictionary defines chronic as: Any condition that lasts a long time or recurs over time; chronic pain as: Pain that persists after an injury has healed or a disease is over; and chronic pain syndrome as : Long-term, severe pain that doesn't spring from an injury or illness, that interferes with daily life, and is often accompanied by other problems, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety.
A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear. Harvard Medical Dictionary defines chronic as: Any condition that lasts a long time or recurs over time; chronic pain as: Pain that persists after an injury has healed or a disease is over; and chronic pain syndrome as : Long-term, severe pain that doesn't spring from an injury or illness, that interferes with daily life, and is often accompanied by other problems, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety.
What is the meaning of debilitating?
Something that's debilitating seriously affects someone or something's strength or ability to carry on with regular activities, like a debilitating illness. Debilitating comes from the Latin word debilis, meaning "weak." That's why you'll often see the adjective used to describe illness, despite the negative reference.
Something that's debilitating seriously affects someone or something's strength or ability to carry on with regular activities, like a debilitating illness. Debilitating comes from the Latin word debilis, meaning "weak." That's why you'll often see the adjective used to describe illness, despite the negative reference.
Petition Purpose and Background
The purpose of this Petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea
This Petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea is being provided to the state Department of Health Medical Cannabis Program so the advisory board can review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis with the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act.
The therapeutic properties of cannabis, have been known for thousands of years. However, it wasn't until the 1800s that women started relying on cannabis to treat their menstrual cramps.
Queen Victoria was one of the first women to use cannabis for menstrual cramps. Her personal physician, Sir J.R. Reynolds, prescribed it to her in 1890 after Dr. W.B. O'Shaughnessy brought it to England in 1824. The Queen found cannabis so effective that she later used it for morning sickness and obstetrical anesthesia.
The advent of modern pharmacology at the turn of the 20th century led to the creation of new treatments for menstrual cramps, many of which are still in use today. Current treatments include painkillers, muscle relaxants and antidepressants. However, many of these treatments cause unwanted side effects, such as nausea, insomnia, and constipation. Thus, there is a need for new treatments that relieve cramps with few side effects.
Who Should Qualify for Medical Cannabis Use?
According to Americans For Safe Access Policy Studies & Research:
Background: The most fundamental aspect of medical cannabis laws is the relationship between a patient and their physician. It is often only the physician and the patient that possess information about a patient’s health condition. However, many public officials and others who oppose medical cannabis laws often make assumptions about people’s health. The media have even fomented such inappropriate assumptions by naming a category of patients “Young Able Bodied Males,” condemning certain patients by visual assessment alone.
Findings: The health care information discussed between a patient and physician is considered private and protected under federal HIPAA laws. It is typically the purview of state medical boards to assess whether a physician has inappropriately recommended cannabis to someone who should not be qualified. Studies have shown in some medical cannabis states that the majority of patients suffer from chronic pain, an ailment that is not obviously detectable by another person. Nevertheless, police will often harass and arrest patients based on the assumption that someone is faking their illness.
Position: Medical professionals should have an unrestricted ability to recommend cannabis therapeutics and that should not be impacted by law enforcement’s perceptions.
According to Americans For Safe Access Policy Studies & Research:
Background: The most fundamental aspect of medical cannabis laws is the relationship between a patient and their physician. It is often only the physician and the patient that possess information about a patient’s health condition. However, many public officials and others who oppose medical cannabis laws often make assumptions about people’s health. The media have even fomented such inappropriate assumptions by naming a category of patients “Young Able Bodied Males,” condemning certain patients by visual assessment alone.
Findings: The health care information discussed between a patient and physician is considered private and protected under federal HIPAA laws. It is typically the purview of state medical boards to assess whether a physician has inappropriately recommended cannabis to someone who should not be qualified. Studies have shown in some medical cannabis states that the majority of patients suffer from chronic pain, an ailment that is not obviously detectable by another person. Nevertheless, police will often harass and arrest patients based on the assumption that someone is faking their illness.
Position: Medical professionals should have an unrestricted ability to recommend cannabis therapeutics and that should not be impacted by law enforcement’s perceptions.
“Qualifying medical condition” shall mean any condition for which treatment with medical cannabis would be beneficial, as determined by a patient's qualified medical professional, including but not limited to cancer, glaucoma, positive status for human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), hepatitis C, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Crohn’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, arthritis, chronic pain, neuropathic and other intractable chronic pain, and multiple sclerosis.
“Qualifying patient” shall mean a person who has a written recommendation from a qualified medical professional for the medical use of cannabis.
Dysmenorrhea
The pain creeps in slow and unexpectedly. Initially, it’s a subtle discomfort, like the prick of a needle stabbing away at your stomach. As the minutes pass by, the discomfort can develop into a crippling pain, making even simple tasks such as standing up straight seem utterly unbearable.
That dreadful feeling has a name: Dysmenorrhea—the medical term for severe period pain commonly referred to as cramps. And it’s something experienced every month by thousands of women all across America.
That dreadful feeling has a name: Dysmenorrhea—the medical term for severe period pain commonly referred to as cramps. And it’s something experienced every month by thousands of women all across America.
While over the counter medicine like Midol can be helpful for many women, some 20 percent of women who suffer from cramps caused by their menstrual cycles each month experience such extreme dysmenorrhea that they can’t perform daily activities like getting out of bed and going to work, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians.
There are medical cannabis products for anxiety, muscle spasms, glaucoma and migraines, among other ailments. But in an industry where women are becoming a dominating force, there was still this untapped market for cannabis use – menstrual cramps. Little advancement had been made in the way period pains are treated since Midol was invented in the early 1900s.
Menstrual cramps are painful sensations that women experience in their lower abdomen before and during the menstrual period. Research has shown cannabis to be highly effective for reducing pain, while a handful of studies indicate that cannabinoids are specifically beneficial for treating pain associated with endometriosis-related menstrual cramps.
OVERVIEW OF MENSTRUAL CRAMPS
Menstrual cramps, or dysmenorrhea, refer to the painful cramps that occur in women immediately before or during the menstrual period. The pain or throbbing from menstrual cramps, which can be mild to severe, is usually isolated to the lower abdomen or back.
There are two types of menstrual cramps. Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common type, and it typically develops one or two years after a woman starts getting her period. The pain can last one to three days. Secondary dysmenorrhea is not as common and is caused by a disorder in the woman’s reproductive organs, such as endometriosis – a disorder in which tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus grows on the outside. In secondary dysmenorrhea, pain often develops earlier in the menstrual cycle and lasts longer than cramps associated with primary dysmenorrhea.
Menstrual cramps are caused by contractions in the uterus. Throughout a woman’s menstrual cycle, the uterus contracts to help expel its lining. If it contracts too strongly, it can press on nearby blood vessels and cut off oxygen to the uterus’ muscle tissue, causing pain. Some women will experience mild discomfort, while others can have cramps so severe that they interfere with everyday activities. The cramps can also cause nausea, loose stools, headache, and dizziness.
Menstrual cramps don’t cause any additional medical complications, and those that aren’t related to an underlying condition will often lesson with age and even subside altogether after a woman has given birth.
Pain relieving medications, including ibuprofen and naproxen sodium, are most typically used to treat menstrual cramps. Doctors may also prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Hormone birth control pills can also reduce their severity. In addition, exercise and heat in the form of a heating pad or hot bath have shown to help some women.
TREATMENTS FOR DYSMENORRHEA
There are several kinds of treatments for this condition. The first one is simple rest. The second is using birth control. The hormones in these pills act as a preventative. Even if not primarily used for birth control.
Once the symptoms hit? Soaking in a hot bath or even a hot water bottle are all common therapies. So, increasingly is acupuncture. There have, yet, however to be serious, peer-reviewed studies been done on the topic. Acupuncture is known, however, to increase blood flow.
In between periods, more exercise is also a good way to lessen the impact of this condition.
But, so is medical cannabis. As a pain reliever if not cramp reducer, it has few equals.
There are several kinds of treatments for this condition. The first one is simple rest. The second is using birth control. The hormones in these pills act as a preventative. Even if not primarily used for birth control.
Once the symptoms hit? Soaking in a hot bath or even a hot water bottle are all common therapies. So, increasingly is acupuncture. There have, yet, however to be serious, peer-reviewed studies been done on the topic. Acupuncture is known, however, to increase blood flow.
In between periods, more exercise is also a good way to lessen the impact of this condition.
But, so is medical cannabis. As a pain reliever if not cramp reducer, it has few equals.
“Midol cannot be the pinnacle of menstrual cramp treatment,” said New York Assemblywoman Linda Rosenthal, who sponsored the legislation to add the condition in New York.. “We women demand more; we demand access to pain relieving medication that is safe and effective at relieving menstrual cramps.”
Those are the two keywords for any medication: safe and effective. So how is marijuana safe to use? And how is it effective for menstrual pain, including stomach pain and back pain?
While Cannabis is not perfectly safe in that some risks do exist – for example, there is a slight risk of adverse effects for people with cardiovascular conditions – there are three ways marijuana is considerably safer than the average pain medication:
- Unlike most medications (including acetaminophen, which many people are surprised to learn is one of the most commonly overdosed), Cannabis cannot produce a fatal overdose. The amount that would be needed, in the time needed, is simply not physically possible.
- For most people, Cannabis does not produce serious or long-term side effects. Typical acute effects of Cannabis use include dry mouth, sore throat or coughing, and increased drowsiness, which means it isn’t safe to drive or operate heavy machinery while using Cannabis. It is also normal for Cannabis to increase your appetite, even if you’ve recently eaten.
- Cannabis is safe to combine with most other substances, including your favorite foods and beverages. While it is generally safe to combine marijuana with medication, be advised that high Cannabidiol (CBD – which is a cannabinoid in marijuana, like Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) – may interact with conventional medications.
Many cannabinoids, including CBD and THC appear to be effective and the knock-on effects are also significant. Further, this is also a condition where topical and internal applications also work well.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF DYSMENORRHEA
The physical impact of this condition is bad enough. However, it also comes with hormone fluctuations. These in turn cause other physical impacts. As a result, this condition can still be discounted.
However beyond that, the experience of being chronically ill, has another significant impact on ones life. Even if temporarily.
It can cause problems at work, school or socially. Skipping the same for this reason is so stigmatized it has become a stereotype.
This is by definition, a women’s health issue. That is another aspect of the isolation sufferers can feel. Historically, women’s health problems have been underfunded, understudied and undertreated. So far, Dysmenorrhea in particular, has yet to be recognized as a condition that medical cannabis should legitimately be prescribed for.
FINDINGS: EFFECTS OF CANNABIS ON MENSTRUAL CRAMPS
Through vast research, cannabis has established itself as highly effective for relieving pain. Two of cannabis’ major cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol), have shown to manage pain associated with an array of conditions, suggesting that they would be effective for menstrual cramps 1. The cannabinoids interact with the endocannabinoid system’s two cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, to help regulate the release of a neurotransmitter to manage pain levels 10. Studies even show cannabis to lower pain levels that had otherwise proven refractory to traditional treatments 2.
The first recorded use of cannabis to treat menstrual cramps dates back to ancient Mesopotamia, as Queen Victoria would reportedly consume monthly doses of cannabis tinctures to reduce menstrual discomfort 3. Research specifically examining cannabis’ effects on menstrual cramps, however, is severely lacking. Findings in a small collection of studies do indicate cannabis’ efficacy for treating menstrual pain in those with endometriosis 6,7. In addition, studies have determined that there are CB1 and CB2 receptors located in many cells throughout the uterus, suggesting that cannabinoids’ pain-relieving effects could help address menstrual discomfort 8. Research also shows that the CB1 receptor is associated with the management of dysmenorrhea-related pain7.
STATES THAT HAVE APPROVED MEDICAL CANNABIS FOR MENSTRUAL CRAMPS
While no states have approved medical cannabis specifically for the treatment of menstrual cramps, nearly all states with comprehensive medical cannabis legislation allow cannabis for the treatment of pain. Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and West Virginia have approved cannabis for the treatment of “chronic pain.” The states of Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio and Vermont allow medical cannabis to treat “severe pain.” The states of Arkansas, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia have approved cannabis for the treatment of “intractable pain.”
Two additional states will consider allowing medical cannabis to be used for the treatment of pain with recommendation by a physician. These states include: Connecticut (other medical conditions may be approved by the Department of Consumer Protection) and Massachusetts (other conditions as determined in writing by a qualifying patient’s physician).
In Washington D.C., any condition can be approved for medical cannabis as long as a DC-licensed physician recommends the treatment.
RECENT STUDIES ON CANNABIS’ EFFECT ON MENSTRUAL CRAMPS
- Using cannabis has been shown to significantly improve pain that had otherwise shown to be refractory to traditional treatments.
- The effectiveness of cannabinoids in the management of chronic nonmalignant neuropathic pain: a systematic review.
- Preclinical data shows that the CB1 receptor is associated with dysmenorrhea-related pain and that cannabinoids offer an alternative option for discomfort caused by endometriosis.
- Elevated systemic levels of endocannabinoids and related mediators across the menstrual cycle in women with endometriosis.
Dr Penny Whiting, the lead author of a large systematic review in Jama on the medicinal uses of cannabinoids confirms that while there is only little research showing that cannabis relieves period pains – though she clearly points out that because of the lack of research, there’s also no evidence it doesn’t work ... Her review found moderate evidence that cannabinoids work for chronic pain and spasticity (severe cramps such as in multiple sclerosis) and “low quality evidence” that it relieves nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy and sleep disorders. Another review published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine found similar results. Although studies have not conclusively discovered how cannabis works to combat dysmenorrhea, though some research suggests it helps the nerves in the uterus, cervix and ovaries to relax and block pain by suppressing the mechanisms responsible for inflammation.
Period cramps are caused by the release of prostaglandins that trigger muscle cramps in the uterus. These cramps reduce the blood supply to the uterus and cause painful spasms. There’s not much in the medical armoury to help dysmenorrhea. There are oral contraceptives that stop ovulation and therefore prostaglandin production, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (that inhibit prostaglandins being made) or paracetamol. Meanwhile, in Colorado and California women can use ‘cannabis tampons’ made by Foria
The tampons combine two active ingredients from cannabis – tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). The cells lining the vaginal wall absorb the cannabinoids and may block the nerves from carrying pain signals to the brain. Local absorption is also meant to reduce any psychoactive high from the drug.
Research and Science:
“Cannabis Treatments in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Historical Review”
SUMMARY
Cannabis has an ancient tradition of usage as a medicine in obstetrics and gynecology. This study presents that history in the literature to the present era, compares it to current ethnobotanical, clinical and epidemiological reports, and examines it in light of modern developments in cannabinoid research.
The author believes that cannabis extracts may represent an efficacious and safe alternative for treatment of a wide range of conditions in women including dysmenorrhea, dysuria, hyperemesis gravidarum, and menopausal symptoms.
Ethan Russo MD
Cannabis has an ancient tradition of usage as a medicine in obstetrics and gynecology. This study presents that history in the literature to the present era, compares it to current ethnobotanical, clinical and epidemiological reports, and examines it in light of modern developments in cannabinoid research.
The author believes that cannabis extracts may represent an efficacious and safe alternative for treatment of a wide range of conditions in women including dysmenorrhea, dysuria, hyperemesis gravidarum, and menopausal symptoms.
Ethan Russo MD
Pages 5-35 | Published online: 17 Oct 2008
“Cannabinoids for Chronic Pain, Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Function; Vitamin E and Selenium for Cataract Prevention; Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Primary Dysmenorrhea; Massage Therapy and In Vitro Fertilization”
Richard Glickman-Simon, MD
,
Tammy Lindsay, MD
“Remediable Medicinal Plants used for Dysmenorrhea treatment- A short review”
Meena, A K; Sinha, Anshul; Mehta, H C; Gupta, M D; Rao, M M; et al. Research Journal of Science and Technology; Raipur4.5(Sep/Oct 2012): 229-234.
Meena, A K; Sinha, Anshul; Mehta, H C; Gupta, M D; Rao, M M; et al. Research Journal of Science and Technology; Raipur4.5(Sep/Oct 2012): 229-234.
ABSTRACT: The medical term for menstrual cramps is dysmenorrhea. Menstrual cramps are pains that begin in the lower abdomen and pelvis, i.e. below the waistline. The cramps can be a quite painful or simply a dull ache. They can be periodic or continual. More than 10000 plant species are used as traditional medicines in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Since the ancient times, plants have been exemplary sources of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian medicinal system literature mention the use of plants in various human ailments. India has about 45000 plant species and among them several thousand are claimed to possess medicinal properties. Researchers conducted in the last few decades on the plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for dysmenorrhea. This review reveals that plants and their extracts used as dysmenorrhea remedy. KEYWORDS: Dysmenorrhea, Medicinal plants, Menstruation, Active constituents.
Google Scholar Full Search for ‘Dysmenorrhea and Cannabis’
https://scholar.google.com.mx/scholar?start=0&q=Dysmenorrhea+and+cannabis&hl=en&as_sdt=0,32&as_vis=1
Books with Research
Women and Cannabis: Medicine, Science, and Sociology
By Ethan Russo, Melanie Creagan Dreher, Mary Lynn Mathre
Women and Cannabis: Medicine, Science, and Sociology
By Ethan Russo, Melanie Creagan Dreher, Mary Lynn Mathre
Page 25 will come up https://books.google.com/books?id=gZJ7m3Uf6FQC&lpg=PA25&dq=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&f=false
The Handbook of Cannabis Therapeutics: From Bench to Bedside
edited by Ethan B. Russo, Franjo Grotenhermen
edited by Ethan B. Russo, Franjo Grotenhermen
Page 327 will come up
Cannabis Pharmacy: The Practical Guide to Medical Marijuana
By Michael Backes https://books.google.com/books?id=7z2FwBywoJ0C&lpg=PT482&dq=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&pg=PT482#v=onepage&q=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&f=false
By Michael Backes https://books.google.com/books?id=7z2FwBywoJ0C&lpg=PT482&dq=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&pg=PT482#v=onepage&q=dysmenorrhea%20cannabis&f=false
Beneficial Cannabinoids and Terpenoids for Treating Dysmenorrhea
The cannabis plant offers a plethora of therapeutic benefits and contains cannabinoids and terpenoid compounds that are useful for treating Dysmenorrhea pain and inflammation in general. In fact one study that analyzed both Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) published in a 2008 article in Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management states that, “Cannabinoid analgesics have generally been well tolerated in clinical trials with acceptable adverse event profiles. Their adjunctive addition to the pharmacological armamentarium for treatment of pain shows great promise.”
The following chart denotes which cannabinoids and terpenoids work synergistically with each other for possible therapeutic benefit. It may be beneficial to seek out strains that contain these cannabinoids and terpenoids.
Rules, Regulations, & Policy Solution For Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea
The approval of this petition: Requesting The Inclusion Of A New Medical Condition: Dysmenorrhea, that is being provided to the state Department of Health Medical Cannabis Program so the advisory board can review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis with the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act.
The approval of this petition would bring the Department of Health in compliance with the intent of the law and uphold the spirit of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act, 2007. Fulfilling both;“ Section 2. PURPOSE OF ACT.--The purpose of the Lynn and Erin Compassionate Use Act is to allow the beneficial use of medical cannabis in a regulated system for alleviating symptoms caused by debilitating medical conditions and their medical treatments” And Section 6. ADVISORY BOARD CREATED--DUTIES: The advisory board shall: A. review and recommend to the department for approval additional debilitating medical conditions that would benefit from the medical use of cannabis.” New Mexico’s medical cannabis history started in 1978. After public hearings the legislature enacted H.B. 329, the nation’s first law recognizing the medical value of cannabis...the first law.
References
Understanding medical cannabis.Elemental Wellness Center, 2014 Jul.
- Baron, E.P. (2015, June). Comprehensive Review of Medicinal Marijuana, Cannabinoids, and Therapeutic Implications in Medicine and Headache: What a Long Strange Trip It’s Been… Headache, 55(6), 885-916. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/head.12570/full.
- Boychuck, D.G., Goddard, G., Mauro, G., and Orellana, M.F. (2015 Winter). The effectiveness of cannabinoids in the management of chronic nonmalignant neuropathic pain: a systematic review. Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache, 29(1), 7-14. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/R28LWD.
- History of Cannabis. (n.d). BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/panorama/1632726.stm.
- Jensen, B., Chen, J., Furnish, T., and Wallace, M. (2015, October). Medical Marijuana and Chronic Pain: a Review of Basic Science and Clinical Evidence. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 19(10), 524. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11916-015-0524-x.
- Menstrual cramps. (2014, May 8). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menstrual-cramps/basics/definition/con-20025447.
- Sanchez, A.M., Vigano, P., Mugione, A., Panina-Bordignon, P., and Candiani, M. (2012, December). The molecular connections between the cannabinoid system and endometriosis. Molecular Human Reproduction, 18(12), 563-71. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/molehr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/molehr/gas037.
- Sanchez, A.M., Cioffi, R., Vigano, P., Candiani, M., Verde, R., Piscitelli, F., Di Marzo, V., Garavaglia, E., and Panina-Bordignon, P. (2016, August). Elevated Systemic Levels of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators Across the Menstrual Cycle in Women With Endometriosis. Reproductive Sciences, 23(8), 1071-9. Retrieved from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1933719116630414.
- Taylor, A.H., Abbas, M.S., Habiba, M.A., and Konje, J.C. (2010, May). Histomorphometric evaluation of cannabinoid receptor and anandamide modulating enzyme expression in the human endometrium through the menstrual cycle. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 133(5), 557-65. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00418-010-0695-9.
- Ware, M.A., Wang, T., Shapiro, S., and Collet, J.P. (2015, September 15). Cannabis for the Management of Pain: Assessment of Safety Study (COMPASS). The Journal of Pain. Retrieved from http://www.jpain.org/article/S1526-5900(15)00837-8/fulltext.
- Woodhams, S.G., Sagar, D.R., Burston, J.J., and Chapman, V. (2015). The role of the endocannabinoid system in pain. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 227, 119-43. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-46450-2_7.
- Your Guide to Menstrual Cramps. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/women/menstrual-cramps#1.
Appendix A:
WHEREAS cannabis (marijuana) has been used as a medicine for at least 5,000 years and can be effective for serious medical conditions for which conventional medications fail to provide relief;
WHEREAS modern medical research has shown that cannabis can slow the progression of such serious diseases as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and stop HIV and cancer cells from spreading; has both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties; can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy, PTSD and multiple sclerosis; is useful in the treatment of depression, anxiety and other mental disorders; and can help reverse neurological damage from brain injuries and stroke;
WHEREAS the World Health Organization has acknowledged the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids, the primary active compounds found in cannabis, including as an anti-depressant, appetite stimulant, anticonvulsant and anti-spasmodic, and identified cannabinoids as beneficial in the treatment of asthma, glaucoma, and nausea and vomiting related to illnesses such as cancer and AIDS;
WHEREAS the American Medical Association has called for the review of the classification of cannabis as a Schedule I controlled substance to allow for clinical research and the development of cannabinoid-based medicines;
WHEREAS the National Cancer Institute has concluded that cannabis has antiemetic effects and is beneficial for appetite stimulation, pain relief, and improved sleep among cancer patients;
WHEREAS the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and the American Herbal Products Association have developed qualitative standards for the use of cannabis as a botanical medicine;
WHEREAS the U.S. Supreme Court has long noted that states may operate as “laboratories of democracy” in the development of innovative public policies;
WHEREAS twenty-eight states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws that allow for the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS seventeen additional states have enacted laws authorizing the medical use of therapeutic compounds extracted from the cannabis plant;
WHEREAS more than 17 years of state-level experimentation provides a guide for state and federal law and policy related to the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS accredited educational curricula concerning the medical use of cannabis have been established that meets Continuing Medical Education requirements for practicing physicians;
WHEREAS Congress has prohibited the federal Department of Justice from using funds to interfere with and prosecute those acting in compliance with their state medical cannabis laws, and the Department of Justice has issued guidance to U.S. Attorneys indicating that enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act is not a priority when individual patients and their care providers are in compliance with state law, and that federal prosecutors should defer to state and local enforcement so long as a viable state regulatory scheme is in place.
WHEREAS modern medical research has shown that cannabis can slow the progression of such serious diseases as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and stop HIV and cancer cells from spreading; has both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties; can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy, PTSD and multiple sclerosis; is useful in the treatment of depression, anxiety and other mental disorders; and can help reverse neurological damage from brain injuries and stroke;
WHEREAS the World Health Organization has acknowledged the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids, the primary active compounds found in cannabis, including as an anti-depressant, appetite stimulant, anticonvulsant and anti-spasmodic, and identified cannabinoids as beneficial in the treatment of asthma, glaucoma, and nausea and vomiting related to illnesses such as cancer and AIDS;
WHEREAS the American Medical Association has called for the review of the classification of cannabis as a Schedule I controlled substance to allow for clinical research and the development of cannabinoid-based medicines;
WHEREAS the National Cancer Institute has concluded that cannabis has antiemetic effects and is beneficial for appetite stimulation, pain relief, and improved sleep among cancer patients;
WHEREAS the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and the American Herbal Products Association have developed qualitative standards for the use of cannabis as a botanical medicine;
WHEREAS the U.S. Supreme Court has long noted that states may operate as “laboratories of democracy” in the development of innovative public policies;
WHEREAS twenty-eight states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws that allow for the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS seventeen additional states have enacted laws authorizing the medical use of therapeutic compounds extracted from the cannabis plant;
WHEREAS more than 17 years of state-level experimentation provides a guide for state and federal law and policy related to the medical use of cannabis;
WHEREAS accredited educational curricula concerning the medical use of cannabis have been established that meets Continuing Medical Education requirements for practicing physicians;
WHEREAS Congress has prohibited the federal Department of Justice from using funds to interfere with and prosecute those acting in compliance with their state medical cannabis laws, and the Department of Justice has issued guidance to U.S. Attorneys indicating that enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act is not a priority when individual patients and their care providers are in compliance with state law, and that federal prosecutors should defer to state and local enforcement so long as a viable state regulatory scheme is in place.
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